Summary for : 9P/Tempel 1

DynT.TT.BT T.L B T.DDensity (g/cm^3)Δρ/ρDiameter (km)ΔD/DMass (kg)ΔM/MRefAvg.M
COM--- | --0.45 ± 0.23   (C)50 %5.6 ± 0.58.5 %4.21e+13 ± 1.81e+1343 %SEVM
COM--- | --0.42 ± 0.17   (C)40 %5.7 ± 0.59.1 %4.07e+13 ± 1.19e+1329 %Sw.avg
COM-0.48 ± 0.06   (B)12 %6.0 ± 0.23.3 %5.48e+13 ± 5.60e+1210 %C?

Average asteroid densities (g/cm^3):
C = 1.3 ± 0.6, B = 2.4 ± 0.5, S = 2.7 ± 0.5, M = 3.5 ± 1.0, P = 2.8 ± 1.6, X = 1.9 ± 0.8, Xc = 4.9 ± 0.9, Xk = 4.2 ± 0.7 (Ref)

Additional resources:

Note: The density estimates have been ranked from (A) to (E), corresponding to the relative error: (B) less than 20%, (C) between 20 and 50%, (D) between 50 and 100%, and (E) more than 100%. (A) stands for (presumably) reliable estimates (accuracy better than 20%), based on more than 5 mass estimates and 5 diameter estimates, or a spacecraft encounter. Apparently unrealistic densities (ρ > 8) are tagged with (X).

EVM: average by using the Expected Value Method (Ref). w.avg: weighted average (with w = 1/err^2).

T.T: Tholen Tax Class. T.B: Bus & Binzel Tax Class. T T.L: S3OS2 Lazarro (Tholen) Tax Class. T.L B: S3OS2 Lazarro (Bus & Binzel) Tax Class. T.D: DeMeo Tax Class.

Ref: S = SiMDA, C = Carry (2012)

Diameter estimates

DesignationDiameter / Err (km)ΔD/DMethodYearRefNχ2Use
9P/Tempel 16.00 ± 0.203.3 % FlyBy2005D23 3.75 1
9P/Tempel 15.03 ± 0.306.0 % H-mag2006D321 3.77 2

plot, average diameter and derived density

All

Notes (N):
1: This estimate is discarded for the average diameter (and derived density) calculation in Carry (2012).
2: This estimate is discarded for the average diameter (and derived density) calculation in SiMDA (catalog).

FlyBy : Images from spacecraft encounter. H-mag : Crude estimate from absolute magnitude.


EVM diam. average D = (5.6 ± 0.48) km   (ΔD/D = 8%, SNR = 11.82) Derived bulk density ρ = (0.45 ± 0.23) g/cm3   (Δρ/ρ = 50%, SNR = 2.0)


References
D23(2005):A'Hearn, M.F., Belton, M.J.S., Delamere, W.A., Kissel, J., Klaasen, K.P., Mc-Fadden, L.A., Meech, K.J., Melosh, H.J., Schultz, P.H., Sunshine, J.M., Thomas, P.C., Veverka, J., Yeomans, D.K., Baca, M.W., Busko, I., Crockett, C.J., Collins, S.M., Desnoyer, M., Eberhardy, C.A., Ernst, C.M., Farnham, T.L., Feaga, L., Groussin, O., Hampton, D., Ipatov, S.I., Li, J.Y., Lindler, D., Lisse, C.M., Mastrodemos, N., Owen, W.M., Richardson, J.E., Wellnitz, D.D., White, R.L., 2005. Deep Impact: Excavating Comet Tempel 1. Science 310, 258–264.
D32(2006):Tancredi, G., Fernández, J.A., Rickman, H., Licandro, J., 2006. Nuclear magnitudes and the size distribution of Jupiter family comets. Icarus 182, 527–549.

Mass estimates

DesignationMass / Err (kg)ΔM/MMethodYearRefNχ2Use
9P/Tempel 15.80e+13 ± 1.60e+1328 %CNGF 2007M6410.99 1
9P/Tempel 14.50e+13 ± 4.85e+13108 %FlyBy 2007M670.00 2
9P/Tempel 12.30e+13 ± 1.60e+1370 %CNGF 2009M8511.43 3

plot, average mass and derived density

All

Notes (N):
1: This estimate is discarded for the average mass (and derived density) calculation in Carry (2012).
2: This estimate is discarded for the average mass (and derived density) calculation in SiMDA (catalog).
3: This estimate is an average of individual solutions listed before under the same reference (e.g. M125).

CNGF : Non-gravitational forces (comets). FlyBy : Spacecraft radio experiment (ranging etc. from flyby, orbiter or lander).


EVM mass average M = (4.211 ± 1.807) × 1013 kg   (ΔM/M = 43%, SNR = 2.3) Derived bulk density ρ = (0.45 ± 0.23) g/cm3   (Δρ/ρ = 50%, SNR = 2.0)


References
M64(2007):Davidsson, B.J.R., Gutiérrez, P.J., Rickman, H., 2007. Nucleus properties of Comet 9P/Tempel 1 estimated from non-gravitational force modeling. Icarus 187, 306–320.
M67(2007):Richardson, J.E., Melosh, H.J., Lisse, C.M., Carcich, B., 2007. A ballistics analysis of the Deep Impact ejecta plume: Determining Comet Tempel 1's gravity, mass, and density. Icarus 190, 357–390.
M85(2009):Sosa, A., Fernández, J.A., 2009. Cometary masses derived from nongravitational forces. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 393, 192–214.