Summary for : (65) Cybele

DynT.TT.BT T.L B T.DDensity (g/cm^3)Δρ/ρDiameter (km)ΔD/DMass (kg)ΔM/MRefAvg.M
MBAPXcC | CXk1.69 ± 0.60   (C)36 %259.8 ± 25.89.9 %1.55e+19 ± 3.01e+1819 %SEVM
MBAPXcC | CXk1.60 ± 0.51   (C)32 %262.6 ± 16.36.2 %1.52e+19 ± 3.92e+1826 %Sw.avg
MBAXk1.70 ± 0.52   (C)31 %248.3 ± 17.67.1 %1.36e+19 ± 3.10e+1823 %C?

Average asteroid densities (g/cm^3):
C = 1.3 ± 0.6, B = 2.4 ± 0.5, S = 2.7 ± 0.5, M = 3.5 ± 1.0, P = 2.8 ± 1.6, X = 1.9 ± 0.8, Xc = 4.9 ± 0.9, Xk = 4.2 ± 0.7 (Ref)

Additional resources:
3D Model | JPL New Horizons | Minor Planet Center | Wikipedia (these auto-generated links might not work)

Note: The density estimates have been ranked from (A) to (E), corresponding to the relative error: (B) less than 20%, (C) between 20 and 50%, (D) between 50 and 100%, and (E) more than 100%. (A) stands for (presumably) reliable estimates (accuracy better than 20%), based on more than 5 mass estimates and 5 diameter estimates, or a spacecraft encounter. Apparently unrealistic densities (ρ > 8) are tagged with (X).

EVM: average by using the Expected Value Method (Ref). w.avg: weighted average (with w = 1/err^2).

T.T: Tholen Tax Class. T.B: Bus & Binzel Tax Class. T T.L: S3OS2 Lazarro (Tholen) Tax Class. T.L B: S3OS2 Lazarro (Bus & Binzel) Tax Class. T.D: DeMeo Tax Class.

Ref: S = SiMDA, C = Carry (2012)

Diameter estimates

DesignationDiameter / Err (km)ΔD/DMethodYearRefNχ2Use
(65) Cybele237.25 ± 4.191.8 % STM2004D93 28.87 1
(65) Cybele272.70 ± 10.894.0 % TPM2004D12 1.41 2
(65) Cybele231.87 ± 9.444.1 % STM2010D64 8.73 3
(65) Cybele272.01 ± 11.154.1 % NEATM2010D64 1.21 4
(65) Cybele300.54 ± 4.821.6 % STM2011D8312 71.57 5

plot, average diameter and derived density

All

Notes (N):
1: This estimate is discarded for the average diameter (and derived density) calculation in Carry (2012).
2: This estimate is discarded for the average diameter (and derived density) calculation in SiMDA (catalog).

NEATM : Near-Earth Asteroid Thermal Model. STM : Standard Thermal Model. TPM : Thermophysical Model.


0123456220240260280300
Diameter estimates for : (65) CybeleDiameter in km

EVM diam. average D = (259.8 ± 25.82) km   (ΔD/D = 10%, SNR = 10.06) Derived bulk density ρ = (1.69 ± 0.60) g/cm3   (Δρ/ρ = 36%, SNR = 2.8)


References
D12(2004):Müller, T.G., Blommaert, J.A.D.L., 2004. 65 Cybele in the thermal infrared: Multiple observations and thermophysical analysis. Astronomy and Astrophysics 418, 347–356.
D64(2010):Ryan, E.L., Woodward, C.E., 2010. Rectified Asteroid Albedos and Diameters from IRAS and MSX Photometry Catalogs. Astronomical Journal 140, 933–943.
D83(2011):Usui, F., Kuroda, D., Müller, T.G., Hasegawa, S., Ishiguro, M., Ootsubo, T., Ishihara, D., Kataza, H., Takita, S., Oyabu, S., Ueno, M., Matsuhara, H., Onaka, T., 2011. Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63, 1117–1138.
D93(2004):Tedesco, E.F., Noah, P.V., Noah, M.C., Price, S.D., 2004. IRAS Minor Planet Survey. NASA Planetary Data System. IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0.

Mass estimates

DesignationMass / Err (kg)ΔM/MMethodYearRefNχ2Use
(65) Cybele1.15e+19 ± 2.98e+1826 %Deflec 2002M311.79 1
(65) Cybele1.15e+19 ± 2.98e+1826 %Deflec 2004M421.79 2
(65) Cybele1.78e+19 ± 1.21e+187 %Deflec 2008M723.67 3
(65) Cybele1.04e+19 ± 1.04e+1810 %Ephem 2009M86223.88 4
(65) Cybele1.43e+19 ± 8.47e+1859 %Ephem 2010M930.02 5
(65) Cybele1.05e+19 ± 1.91e+1818 %Deflec 2011M9526.80 6
(65) Cybele1.62e+19 ± 3.68e+1823 %Deflec 2011M970.04 7
(65) Cybele1.52e+19 ± 3.46e+1823 %Deflec 2011M970.01 8
(65) Cybele1.52e+19 ± 3.45e+1823 %Deflec 2011M970.01 9
(65) Cybele1.75e+19 ± 1.16e+1966 %Deflec 2011M970.03 10
(65) Cybele1.75e+19 ± 5.17e+1830 %Ephem 2011M1000.15 11
(65) Cybele1.77e+19 ± 7.95e+174 %OrbFitN 2014M1237.78 12
(65) Cybele1.38e+19 ± 2.82e+1820 %Deflec 2017M12520.36 13
(65) Cybele2.15e+19 ± 5.79e+1827 %Deflec 2017M12521.07 14
(65) Cybele1.69e+19 ± 4.67e+1828 %Deflec 2017M12520.09 15
(65) Cybele5.03e+19 ± 2.19e+1944 %Deflec 2017M12522.53 16
(65) Cybele1.60e+19 ± 2.23e+1814 %Deflec 2017M12530.06 17
(65) Cybele2.01e+19 ± 3.39e+1817 %Ephem 2019M1261.86 18

plot, average mass and derived density

All

Notes (N):
1: This estimate is discarded for the average mass (and derived density) calculation in Carry (2012).
2: This estimate is discarded for the average mass (and derived density) calculation in SiMDA (catalog).
3: This estimate is an average of individual solutions listed before under the same reference (e.g. M125).

Deflec : Orbital deflection (close encounter) of one or several test asteroids (classical LSQ). Ephem : Planetary ephemeris solution. OrbFitN : Simultaneous multi-asteroid astrometric orbit solution (similar to 'Ephem').


0510152×10​19​4×10​19​6×10​19​
Mass estimates for : (65) CybeleMass in kg

EVM mass average M = (1.548 ± 0.301) × 1019 kg   (ΔM/M = 19%, SNR = 5.1) Derived bulk density ρ = (1.69 ± 0.60) g/cm3   (Δρ/ρ = 36%, SNR = 2.8)


References
M31(2002):Chernetenko, Y.A., Kochetova, O.M., 2002. Masses of some large minor planets, in: B. Warmbein (Ed.), Asteroids, Comets, and Meteors: ACM 2002, pp. 437–440.
M42(2004):Kochetova, O.M., 2004. Determination of Large Asteroid Masses by the Dynamical Method. Solar System Research 38, 66–75.
M72(2008):Baer, J., Milani, A., Chesley, S.R., Matson, R.D., 2008. An Observational Error Model, and Application to Asteroid Mass Determination, in: Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, p. 493.
M86(2009):Folkner, W.M., Williams, J.G., Boggs, D.H., 2009. The planetary and lunar ephemeris de 421. IPN Progress Report 42, 1–34.
M93(2010):Fienga, A., Manche, H., Kuchynka, P., Laskar, J., Gastineau, M., 2010. INPOP10a. Scientific Notes.
M95(2011):Baer, J., Chesley, S.R., Matson, R.D., 2011. Astrometric Masses of 26 Asteroids and Observations on Asteroid Porosity. Astronomical Journal 141, 143–155.
M97(2011):Zielenbach, W., 2011. Mass Determination Studies of 104 Large Asteroids. Astronomical Journal 142, 120–128.
M100(2011):Fienga, A., Kuchynka, P., Laskar, J., Manche, H., Gastineau, M., 2011. Asteroid mass determinations with INPOP planetary ephemerides. EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2011 , 1879.
M123(2014):Goffin, E., 2014. Astrometric asteroid masses: a simultaneous determination. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 565, id.A56, 8 pp.
M125(2017):Baer, J., Chesley, S.R., 2017. Simultaneous Mass Determination for Gravitationally Coupled Asteroids. The Astronomical Journal, Volume 154, Issue 2, article id. 76, 11 pp.
M126(2019):Fienga, A., et. al, 2019. INPOP19a planetary ephemeris. Notes Scientifiques et Techniques de l'Institut de mécanique céleste,