Summary for : (69) Hesperia

DynT.TT.BT T.L B T.DDensity (g/cm^3)Δρ/ρDiameter (km)ΔD/DMass (kg)ΔM/MRefAvg.M
MBAMX- | -Xk4.58 ± 1.52   (C)33 %136.7 ± 4.23.1 %6.13e+18 ± 1.95e+1832 %SEVM
MBAMX- | -Xk5.36 ± 1.28   (C)24 %135.0 ± 3.92.9 %6.90e+18 ± 1.53e+1822 %Sw.avg
MBAXk4.38 ± 0.99   (C)23 %136.7 ± 4.73.4 %5.86e+18 ± 1.18e+1820 %C?

Average asteroid densities (g/cm^3):
C = 1.3 ± 0.6, B = 2.4 ± 0.5, S = 2.7 ± 0.5, M = 3.5 ± 1.0, P = 2.8 ± 1.6, X = 1.9 ± 0.8, Xc = 4.9 ± 0.9, Xk = 4.2 ± 0.7 (Ref)

Additional resources:
3D Model | JPL New Horizons | Minor Planet Center | Wikipedia (these auto-generated links might not work)

Note: The density estimates have been ranked from (A) to (E), corresponding to the relative error: (B) less than 20%, (C) between 20 and 50%, (D) between 50 and 100%, and (E) more than 100%. (A) stands for (presumably) reliable estimates (accuracy better than 20%), based on more than 5 mass estimates and 5 diameter estimates, or a spacecraft encounter. Apparently unrealistic densities (ρ > 8) are tagged with (X).

EVM: average by using the Expected Value Method (Ref). w.avg: weighted average (with w = 1/err^2).

T.T: Tholen Tax Class. T.B: Bus & Binzel Tax Class. T T.L: S3OS2 Lazarro (Tholen) Tax Class. T.L B: S3OS2 Lazarro (Bus & Binzel) Tax Class. T.D: DeMeo Tax Class.

Ref: S = SiMDA, C = Carry (2012)

Diameter estimates

DesignationDiameter / Err (km)ΔD/DMethodYearRefNχ2Use
(69) Hesperia138.13 ± 4.693.4 % STM2004D93 0.09 1
(69) Hesperia145.88 ± 4.042.8 % STM2010D64 5.16 2
(69) Hesperia136.76 ± 3.262.4 % NEATM2010D642 0.00 3
(69) Hesperia132.74 ± 1.521.1 % STM2011D83 6.80 4

plot, average diameter and derived density

All

Notes (N):
1: This estimate is discarded for the average diameter (and derived density) calculation in Carry (2012).
2: This estimate is discarded for the average diameter (and derived density) calculation in SiMDA (catalog).

NEATM : Near-Earth Asteroid Thermal Model. STM : Standard Thermal Model.


EVM diam. average D = (136.7 ± 4.24) km   (ΔD/D = 3%, SNR = 32.27) Derived bulk density ρ = (4.58 ± 1.52) g/cm3   (Δρ/ρ = 33%, SNR = 3.0)


References
D64(2010):Ryan, E.L., Woodward, C.E., 2010. Rectified Asteroid Albedos and Diameters from IRAS and MSX Photometry Catalogs. Astronomical Journal 140, 933–943.
D83(2011):Usui, F., Kuroda, D., Müller, T.G., Hasegawa, S., Ishiguro, M., Ootsubo, T., Ishihara, D., Kataza, H., Takita, S., Oyabu, S., Ueno, M., Matsuhara, H., Onaka, T., 2011. Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63, 1117–1138.
D93(2004):Tedesco, E.F., Noah, P.V., Noah, M.C., Price, S.D., 2004. IRAS Minor Planet Survey. NASA Planetary Data System. IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0.

Mass estimates

DesignationMass / Err (kg)ΔM/MMethodYearRefNχ2Use
(69) Hesperia6.20e+18 ± 6.20e+1710 %Ephem 2009M860.01 1
(69) Hesperia1.99e+18 ± 6.54e+18329 %Deflec 2011M9720.40 2
(69) Hesperia4.98e+18 ± 2.10e+1842 %Deflec 2011M970.30 3
(69) Hesperia6.56e+18 ± 4.27e+1865 %Deflec 2011M970.01 4
(69) Hesperia8.12e+18 ± 7.48e+1892 %Deflec 2011M970.07 5
(69) Hesperia9.35e+18 ± 7.95e+179 %OrbFitN 2014M123216.40 6
(69) Hesperia4.00e+18 ± 1.39e+1835 %Ephem 2019M1262.34 7

plot, average mass and derived density

All

Notes (N):
1: This estimate is discarded for the average mass (and derived density) calculation in Carry (2012).
2: This estimate is discarded for the average mass (and derived density) calculation in SiMDA (catalog).
3: This estimate is an average of individual solutions listed before under the same reference (e.g. M125).

Deflec : Orbital deflection (close encounter) of one or several test asteroids (classical LSQ). Ephem : Planetary ephemeris solution. OrbFitN : Simultaneous multi-asteroid astrometric orbit solution (similar to 'Ephem').


EVM mass average M = (6.127 ± 1.954) × 1018 kg   (ΔM/M = 32%, SNR = 3.1) Derived bulk density ρ = (4.58 ± 1.52) g/cm3   (Δρ/ρ = 33%, SNR = 3.0)


References
M86(2009):Folkner, W.M., Williams, J.G., Boggs, D.H., 2009. The planetary and lunar ephemeris de 421. IPN Progress Report 42, 1–34.
M97(2011):Zielenbach, W., 2011. Mass Determination Studies of 104 Large Asteroids. Astronomical Journal 142, 120–128.
M123(2014):Goffin, E., 2014. Astrometric asteroid masses: a simultaneous determination. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 565, id.A56, 8 pp.
M126(2019):Fienga, A., et. al, 2019. INPOP19a planetary ephemeris. Notes Scientifiques et Techniques de l'Institut de mécanique céleste,