Summary for : (451) Patientia

DynT.TT.BT T.L B T.DDensity (g/cm^3)Δρ/ρDiameter (km)ΔD/DMass (kg)ΔM/MRefAvg.M
MBACU-C | Cb-1.81 ± 0.78   (C)43 %232.8 ± 10.34.4 %1.19e+19 ± 4.92e+1841 %SEVM
MBACU-C | Cb-1.69 ± 1.18   (D)70 %234.3 ± 7.73.3 %1.14e+19 ± 7.86e+1869 %Sw.avg
MBACb1.60 ± 0.80   (D)50 %234.4 ± 10.24.3 %1.09e+19 ± 5.30e+1849 %C?

Average asteroid densities (g/cm^3):
C = 1.3 ± 0.6, B = 2.4 ± 0.5, S = 2.7 ± 0.5, M = 3.5 ± 1.0, P = 2.8 ± 1.6, X = 1.9 ± 0.8, Xc = 4.9 ± 0.9, Xk = 4.2 ± 0.7 (Ref)

Additional resources:
3D Model | JPL New Horizons | Minor Planet Center | Wikipedia (these auto-generated links might not work)

Note: The density estimates have been ranked from (A) to (E), corresponding to the relative error: (B) less than 20%, (C) between 20 and 50%, (D) between 50 and 100%, and (E) more than 100%. (A) stands for (presumably) reliable estimates (accuracy better than 20%), based on more than 5 mass estimates and 5 diameter estimates, or a spacecraft encounter. Apparently unrealistic densities (ρ > 8) are tagged with (X).

EVM: average by using the Expected Value Method (Ref). w.avg: weighted average (with w = 1/err^2).

T.T: Tholen Tax Class. T.B: Bus & Binzel Tax Class. T T.L: S3OS2 Lazarro (Tholen) Tax Class. T.L B: S3OS2 Lazarro (Bus & Binzel) Tax Class. T.D: DeMeo Tax Class.

Ref: S = SiMDA, C = Carry (2012)

Diameter estimates

DesignationDiameter / Err (km)ΔD/DMethodYearRefNχ2Use
(451) Patientia224.96 ± 4.402.0 % STM2004D93 3.16 1
(451) Patientia221.53 ± 7.293.3 % STM2010D64 2.38 2
(451) Patientia242.08 ± 14.125.8 % NEATM2010D64 0.43 3
(451) Patientia234.91 ± 2.661.1 % STM2011D83 0.64 4
(451) Patientia251.80 ± 5.442.2 % NEATM2011D722 12.23 5

plot, average diameter and derived density

All

Notes (N):
1: This estimate is discarded for the average diameter (and derived density) calculation in Carry (2012).
2: This estimate is discarded for the average diameter (and derived density) calculation in SiMDA (catalog).

NEATM : Near-Earth Asteroid Thermal Model. STM : Standard Thermal Model.


EVM diam. average D = (232.8 ± 10.28) km   (ΔD/D = 4%, SNR = 22.64) Derived bulk density ρ = (1.81 ± 0.78) g/cm3   (Δρ/ρ = 43%, SNR = 2.3)


References
D64(2010):Ryan, E.L., Woodward, C.E., 2010. Rectified Asteroid Albedos and Diameters from IRAS and MSX Photometry Catalogs. Astronomical Journal 140, 933–943.
D72(2011):Masiero, J.R., Mainzer, A.K., Grav, T., Bauer, J.M., Cutri, R.M., Dailey, J., Eisenhardt, P.R.M., McMillan, R.S., Spahr, T.B., Skrutskie, M.F., Tholen, D., Walker, R.G., Wright, E.L., DeBaun, E., Elsbury, D., Gautier, IV, T., Gomillion, S., Wilkins, A., 2011. Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters. Astrophysical Journal 741, 68.
D83(2011):Usui, F., Kuroda, D., Müller, T.G., Hasegawa, S., Ishiguro, M., Ootsubo, T., Ishihara, D., Kataza, H., Takita, S., Oyabu, S., Ueno, M., Matsuhara, H., Onaka, T., 2011. Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63, 1117–1138.
D93(2004):Tedesco, E.F., Noah, P.V., Noah, M.C., Price, S.D., 2004. IRAS Minor Planet Survey. NASA Planetary Data System. IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0.

Mass estimates

DesignationMass / Err (kg)ΔM/MMethodYearRefNχ2Use
(451) Patientia9.14e+18 ± 9.14e+1710 %Ephem 2009M869.43 1
(451) Patientia4.17e+19 ± 2.94e+1971 %Ephem 2010M9321.02 2
(451) Patientia1.78e+19 ± 6.82e+1838 %Deflec 2011M9720.74 3
(451) Patientia1.11e+19 ± 6.40e+1858 %Deflec 2011M9720.02 4
(451) Patientia8.99e+18 ± 8.02e+1889 %Deflec 2011M9720.14 5
(451) Patientia2.98e+19 ± 7.36e+1825 %Ephem 2011M100125.88 6
(451) Patientia1.35e+19 ± 9.94e+177 %OrbFitN 2014M1232.50 7
(451) Patientia1.12e+19 ± 3.95e+1835 %Ephem 2019M1260.03 8

plot, average mass and derived density

All

Notes (N):
1: This estimate is discarded for the average mass (and derived density) calculation in Carry (2012).
2: This estimate is discarded for the average mass (and derived density) calculation in SiMDA (catalog).
3: This estimate is an average of individual solutions listed before under the same reference (e.g. M125).

Deflec : Orbital deflection (close encounter) of one or several test asteroids (classical LSQ). Ephem : Planetary ephemeris solution. OrbFitN : Simultaneous multi-asteroid astrometric orbit solution (similar to 'Ephem').


EVM mass average M = (1.195 ± 0.492) × 1019 kg   (ΔM/M = 41%, SNR = 2.4) Derived bulk density ρ = (1.81 ± 0.78) g/cm3   (Δρ/ρ = 43%, SNR = 2.3)


References
M86(2009):Folkner, W.M., Williams, J.G., Boggs, D.H., 2009. The planetary and lunar ephemeris de 421. IPN Progress Report 42, 1–34.
M93(2010):Fienga, A., Manche, H., Kuchynka, P., Laskar, J., Gastineau, M., 2010. INPOP10a. Scientific Notes.
M97(2011):Zielenbach, W., 2011. Mass Determination Studies of 104 Large Asteroids. Astronomical Journal 142, 120–128.
M100(2011):Fienga, A., Kuchynka, P., Laskar, J., Manche, H., Gastineau, M., 2011. Asteroid mass determinations with INPOP planetary ephemerides. EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2011 , 1879.
M123(2014):Goffin, E., 2014. Astrometric asteroid masses: a simultaneous determination. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 565, id.A56, 8 pp.
M126(2019):Fienga, A., et. al, 2019. INPOP19a planetary ephemeris. Notes Scientifiques et Techniques de l'Institut de mécanique céleste,